ISI

Latin American and Caribbean countries: From Import-oriented substitution strategy to Export-oriented industrialization

By Marilu Nunez Palomino
April 17, 2020
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The aftermath of World War II and the Great depression in Latin America and Caribbean countries (LAC’s) industrialization was marked by an import-oriented strategy (ISI). However, as the international market recovered, countries in the LAC adopted a process of liberalization, that was accompanied by the robust implementation of an export-oriented industrialization strategy or (EOI). Briefly, we explain the two strategies, Import-oriented industrialization (ISI) and Export-oriented industrialization (EOI) in Latin American and Caribbean countries.

Education for the Elites: Funding and Primary Education in Brazil, 1930 - 1964

By Thomas H. Kang
July 28, 2017
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The current Brazilian crisis is not only a result of corruption scandals. Apart from corruption, fiscal and external deteriorating conditions have contributed to the ongoing political instability. Michel Temer, from the center-right Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), started to rule after the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff (Workers’ Party – PT). Despite the fact that Temer was found to be involved in several scandals, his government had sufficient power to push for economic reforms. Temer succeeded in passing a constitutional change limiting government primary expenditures.

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